ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ

ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍⵏ ⴳ 1972.

ⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ

ⵄⴱⴷ-ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴽⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1955 ⴳ ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ ⴷⵛⵉⵕⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ, ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵡⴰⵕⴰ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵛⵜⵓⴽⴰ,ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴷⵛⵉⵕⴰ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵥⵥⵉⴹⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⵢⵍⵎⴷ ⵉ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ "ⵙⴰⵔⴽⵓ", ⵢⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴷⵛⵉⵕⴰ. ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ(ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ...) ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵙⴰⵡⵏ. ⴰⵔ ⵜⴱⴷⴰ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1972 ⴷ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ (ⵄⴱⴷ-ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ,ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵟⴰⵍⴱⵉ,ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵛⵛⴰⵟⵕ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵃⴰⵏⴰⴼⵉ, ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⵉⵔⵔⵉ). ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1975 ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ, ⵜⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ (ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ, ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵟⵟⴰⵍⴱⵉ,ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵛⵛⴰⵟⵕ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵃⴰⵏⴰⴼⵉ) ⴷ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ

ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ (ⵉⴱⵉⵔⴱⵉⵔⵏ), ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ ⵜⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ. ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ) ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵔⵡⵉⵍⵏ. ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴳⴳⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵎⴰⵅⵣⵉⵏ. ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⴰⵏ-ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⴰⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵏ) ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵙⵡⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵕⵡⵉ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ. ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉ (ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⴱⵉⵜⵍⵙ) ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ (ⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵊⵉⵡⴰⵏⵉ, ⵊⵉⵍ ⵊⵉⵍⴰⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ) ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ. ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⵣⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960 ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ, ⵉⴳⴰ Izenzaren ⵙⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ. ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ, ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏ 1974 ⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ. ⵙ ⵎⴰⵏⴰⵢⴰ, ⵜⴱⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ: ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ (ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ), ⵡⴰ ⵣⵣⵉⵏ (ⵀⴰ ! ⵀⴰ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ "ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷ ⵍⵇⴱⵍⵜ

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵔⵏ:

ⵢⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵍⴱⵔⵉⵃ ⵢⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵢⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵖ ⵢⵙⵍⵃ... ⵉⵊⵎⵉⵍⵏ

ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ.

ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ:

ⵏⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵔⵖⵉ ⵖ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⴽ ⵉⴽ ⴷ ⵍⵀⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ... ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ.

ⵏⴽⴽⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⵉⵅⵅⴰⵎⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵏ.

ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ 22 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵢⵢⵍ, ⵉⴼⴼⵖ Iⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ 2012 ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ 'ⵜⵉⵔⴷ