ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ

ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Lalla Aicha al-Alami) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵊⵉⵀⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵃⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 16.

ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵡⵏ (ⵛⴼⵛⴰⵡⵏ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1485 ⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 14 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 1561. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵟⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵎⵏⵣⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⵟⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⴱⵓ ⵄⴰⴱⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵡⵟⵟⴰⵙ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⴱⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⵓⵙⵓ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵄⵍⵉ ⴱⵏ ⵎⵓⵙⴰ ⴱⵏ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⵉⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⴱⵏ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ. ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏⵏⴰⵖ, ⵜⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵔⵏⴰⵟⴰ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵕⵥⵎ ⵙ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⴹⴹⵕ ⵍ'ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1492. ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵥⵉⴹⵕⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵜⵉⵥⵉⴹⵕⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ. ⵜⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⴰⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵟⵓⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⵃⵉⵔⴷⴷⵉⵏ ⴱⴰⵔⴱⴰⵔⵓⵙ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵙⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉⴷⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ. ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵜⵇⵇⵉⵣⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⴱⴰⵜⴰ, ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴱⴹ ⵜⵉⵟⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴼⵙⴰⵢⵓⵏ ⴳⵔ 1515-1542. ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⵜⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵖⵕⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵔⵉⵜⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵛⴼⵛⴰⵡⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ.^[1]

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

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